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Elevated Platforms – Know The Laws of Your Province

Elevating work platform regulations are essential for ensuring the safe use of aerial devices, boom lifts, and other elevated equipment in the workplace. These regulations require employers to ensure platforms are designed, constructed, maintained, and operated according to national or provincially accepted standards, such as CSA B354. Employers must also ensure that workers are trained in the safe operation of the equipment, understand fall protection requirements, and are aware of load limits, platform stability conditions, and emergency procedures. While core safety principles remain consistent across Canada, specific requirements differ by province and territory to address varying work environments. Compliance with these regulations helps prevent falls, equipment failures, and serious injuries, fostering a safer work culture in elevated work settings.

In Canada, employers are required to ensure the safe use of elevating platforms and devices under the Canada Occupational Health and Safety Regulations Part IV, Sections 4.2 to 4.7. Employers must ensure that all elevating devices meet CSA standards, are properly inspected, maintained, and operated within their safe load limits. Equipment must not be used if any safety device is inoperative, and only qualified personnel are permitted to perform inspections, testing, repairs, and maintenance. Regular inspections must be documented and records kept on-site for at least two years. It is the employer’s responsibility to provide safe equipment and enforce safe operating practices to prevent accidents and protect workers working at heights.

 

PART IV - Elevating Devices

Standards

(1) Every elevating device and every safety device attached thereto shall:

(a) meet the standards set out in the applicable CSA standard referred to in subsection (2) if feasible; and

(b) be used, operated, and maintained in accordance with the standards set out in the applicable CSA standard referred to in subsection (2).

(2) For the purposes of subsection (1), the applicable CSA standard for:

(a) elevators, dumbwaiters, escalators, and moving walks is CSA Standard CAN3-B44-M85, Safety Code for Elevators, other than clause 9.1.4 thereof, the English version of which is dated November 1985 and the French version of which is dated March 1986;

(b) manlifts is CSA Standard B311-M1979, Safety Code for Manlifts, the English version of which is dated October, 1979 and the French version of which is dated July, 1984 and Supplement No. 1-1984 to B311-M1979, the English version of which is dated June, 1984 and the French version of which is dated August, 1984; and

(c) elevating devices for the handicapped is CSA Standard CAN3-B355-M81, Safety Code for Elevating Devices for the Handicapped, the English version of which is dated April, 1981 and the French version of which is dated December, 1981. Section 4.2 (1)(2).

Use and Operation

No elevating device shall be used or operated with a load in excess of the load that it was designed and installed to move safely. Section 4.3.

(1) Subject to subsection (3), no elevating device shall be used or operated while any safety device attached to it is inoperative.

(2) Subject to subsection (3), no safety device attached to an elevating device shall be altered, interfered with or rendered inoperative.

(3) Subsections (1) and (2) do not apply to an elevating device or a safety device that is being inspected, tested, repaired or maintained by a qualified person. Section 4.4 (1) to (3).

Inspection and Testing

Every elevating device and every safety device attached thereto shall be inspected and tested by a qualified person to determine that the prescribed standards are met:

(a) before the elevating device and the safety device attached to it are operated;

(b) after an alteration to the elevating device or a safety device attached thereto; and

(c) once every 12 months. Section 4.5.

(1) A record of each inspection and test made in accordance with section 4.5 shall:

(a) be signed by the person who made the inspection and test;

(b) include the date of the inspection and test and the identification and location of the elevating device and safety device that were inspected and tested; and

(c) set out the observations of the person inspecting and testing the elevating device and safety device on the safety of the devices.

(2) Every record referred to in subsection (1) shall be made by the employer and kept by him in the work place in which the elevating device is located for a period of two years after the date on which it is signed in accordance with paragraph (1)(a). Section 4.6 (1)(2).

Repair and Maintenance

Repair and maintenance of elevating devices or safety devices attached thereto shall be performed by a qualified person appointed by the employer. Section 4.7.

Further details on the Canada Occupational Health and Safety Regulations can be found at justice.gc.ca.

In Alberta, under the Occupational Health and Safety Code Part 9, Section 156, employers must ensure workers on boom-supported platforms, aerial devices, or forklift platforms use a fall arrest system connected to an approved anchor. Workers on scissor lifts must use a travel restraint system unless guardrails are permitted by the manufacturer and the lift is on a stable, level surface. If movement can't be fully restricted, a fall arrest system is required. Employers are responsible for enforcing these safety measures to prevent falls.

Part 9 - Fall Protection

Boom - Supported Work Platforms and Aerial Devices

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(1) An employer must ensure that a worker on a boom‑supported elevating work platform, boom‑supported aerial device, or forklift truck work platform uses a personal fall arrest system:

(a) connected to:

(i) an anchor specified by the manufacturer of the work platform, aerial device or forklift truck, or

(ii) if no anchor is specified by the manufacturer, an anchor point certified by a professional engineer that meets the requirements of CSA Standard Z259.16‑04, Design of Active Fall‑Protection Systems, and

(b) when connected to the anchor, the lanyard, if reasonably practicable, is short enough to prevent the worker from being ejected from the work platform or aerial device but is long enough to allow the worker to perform the worker’s work.

(2) An employer must ensure that a worker on a scissor lift or on an elevating work platform with similar characteristics uses a travel restraint system consisting of a full body harness and lanyard:

(a) connected to an anchor specified by the manufacturer of the scissor lift or elevating work platform, and

(b) when connected to the anchor, the lanyard, if reasonably practicable, is short enough to prevent the worker from falling out of the scissor lift or elevating work platform but is long enough to allow the worker to perform the worker’s work.

(3) Subsection (2) does not apply if:

(a) the manufacturer’s specifications allow a worker to work from the scissor lift or elevating work platform with similar characteristics using only its guardrails for fall protection, and

(b) the scissor lift or elevating work platform is operating on a firm, substantially level surface.

(4) Despite subsection (2), if a worker’s movement cannot be adequately restricted in all directions by the travel restraint system, the employer must ensure that the worker uses a personal fall arrest system. Section 156 (1) to (4).

Further details on the Occupational Health and Safety Code can be found at alberta.ca.

In British Columbia, employers are required to address elevated platform safety under the Occupational Health and Safety Regulation Part 13, Sections 13.20 to 13.33. Employers must ensure all elevating work platforms are properly marked, maintained, inspected, and operated according to CSA or ANSI standards. Operation manuals must be available on-site, and only trained, authorized workers may use the equipment. Platforms must be equipped with safety features like warning devices, clearly identified controls, and certified anchorage points. Workers must wear personal fall arrest systems unless specific exemptions apply.

Part 13: Ladders, Scaffolds, and Temporary Work Platforms

Marking of Equipment

(1) The following equipment must be clearly marked with a rated capacity:

(a) a platform that is suspended from or attached to a crane or hoist,

(b) an elevating work platform,

(c) Repealed. [B.C. Reg. Reg. 312/2012, effective February 1, 2013.]

(d) a swing stage, and

(e) interchangeable load bearing components of a suspended work platform system.

(2) The rated load for allowable thrust-out beam projections must be clearly marked on a thrust-out beam.

(3) A swing stage platform, counterweight and hoist unit must each be clearly marked with their own weight.

(4) A work platform that is suspended from a crane or hoist or attached to a crane boom must be marked with the weight of the platform and rigging and the rated capacity. Section 13.20 (1) to (4).

Manuals

(1) For each elevating work platform in use at a workplace,

(a) the equipment manufacturer's operation manual must be available at the workplace, and

(b) the equipment manufacturer's maintenance manual, containing maintenance instructions and replacement part information, must be reasonably available to workers at the workplace.

(2) If either of the manuals required by subsection (1) is not available, the equipment must not be used until:

(a) the manual is obtained, or

(b) written instructions for the safe operation and maintenance of the equipment are supplied by a professional engineer. Section 13.21 (1)(2).

Maintenance of Records

(1) The employer must keep records of inspection, maintenance, repair or modification that meet the requirements of Part 4 (General Conditions) for each:

(a) elevating work platform,

(b) swing stage, and

(c) permanent powered platform.

(2) If the inspection and maintenance records, other than pre-shift inspections, are not available, the equipment must not be used until it has been inspected and certified safe for use by the manufacturer or a professional engineer. Section 13.22 (1)(2).

Testing

(1) A vehicle-mounted elevating work platform and a self-propelled boom-supported elevating work platform must be:

(a) inspected in accordance with good engineering practice at least every 12 months, and

(b) certified in writing by the equipment manufacturer or a professional engineer as complying with this Part and safe for use. Section (1).

Work Platforms on Wheels

(1) If a moveable work platform on wheels is not designed for or intended to be moved along the floor or other supporting surface while a person is occupying the platform, the platform must be secured to prevent that movement before a person accesses or occupies the platform.

(2) If a moveable work platform is designed for and intended to be moved along the floor or other supporting surface while a person is occupying the platform, the platform must be moved only in the manner and under the conditions specified by the platform's manufacturer.

(3) Despite subsection (2), if the height of the work platform of a rolling scaffold that is occupied by a person is:

(a) not more than one and one half times the least base dimension of the scaffold, the scaffold may be moved by the effort of the person occupying the platform or by the effort of a person on the floor or other supporting surface,

(b) more than one and one half times the least base dimension of the scaffold, the scaffold must be moved only by the effort of a person on the floor or other supporting surface, and

(c) more than two times the least base dimension of the scaffold, the scaffold must not be moved while the person is occupying the platform. Section 13.24 (1) to (3).

Warning Devices on Elevating Work Platforms

(1) An elevating work platform, except a vehicle -mounted work platform, must have a warning system consisting of an intermittent horn or flashing light that:

(a) is automatically activated during any motion of the work platform, and

(b) can be seen or heard by other workers in proximity to the work platform.

(2) If the safe operation of an elevating work platform requires its carrier vehicle to be on a level surface or level within specified degrees, the platform must be fitted, as the carrier requires, with a device to warn the operator that:

(a) the carrier is not level, or

(b) the carrier is outside the permitted degrees from level. Section 13.25 (1)(2).

For more information:

  • Controls on elevating work platforms. Sections 13.26.
  • Cranes and hoists used to suspend work platforms. Sections 13.27.
  • Two-blocking. Sections 13.28.
  • Hoisting and lowering work platforms. Sections 13.29.
  • Lift truck mounted work platforms. Sections 13.30 (1) to (11).
  • Powered platforms. Sections 13.31.
  • Work in high-risk situations. Sections 13.32.
  • Fall protection. Sections 13.33.

Further details on the Occupational Health and Safety Regulation can be found at worksafebc.com.

In Manitoba, employers must comply with Workplace Safety and Health Regulation Part 28, Sections 28.1, 28.2, 28.21, 28.37-28.44 when using scaffolds or elevated work platforms. They must ensure platforms meet CSA standards, are used safely, and include proper fall protection. Employers are responsible for safe procedures, inspections, maintenance, and ensuring workers are trained and protected while working at height.

PART 28 - SCAFFOLDS AND OTHER ELEVATED WORK PLATFORMS

AERIAL DEVICES AND SELF-ELEVATING WORK PLATFORMS

Standards re: Self-Elevating Work Platforms and Aerial Devices

(1) An employer must ensure that a self-elevating work platform or aerial device used at a workplace is designed, and constructed, installed, maintained, used and dismantled, in accordance with:

(a) CAN/CSA-B354.1-04 (R2016), Portable Elevating Work Platforms;

(b) CAN/CSA-B354.2-01 (R2013), Self-propelled Elevating Work Platforms;

(c) CAN/CSA-B354.4-02 (R2013), Self-propelled Boom-Supported Elevating Work Platforms; or

(d) CAN/CSA-C225-10 (R15), Vehicle-Mounted Aerial Devices.

(2) An employer must ensure that:

(a) a self-elevating work platform or aerial device constructed at a workplace is designed and certified by a professional engineer; and

(b) the professional engineer’s specifications for its construction, installation, maintenance, use and removal are in accordance with the standards under subsection (1).

(3) Subject to section 28.3, an employer must ensure that the manufacturer’s specifications for a commercially manufactured self elevating work platform or aerial device used at a workplace are in accordance with the standards under subsection (1).

(4) An employer must ensure that structural repairs and modifications to the components of a self-elevating work platform or aerial device are:

(a) made only under the direction and control of a professional engineer; and

(b) certified by the professional engineer that the workmanship and quality of the materials used has restored the components to not less than their original capacity. Section 28.37 (1) to (4).

Guarding

An employer must ensure that each self-elevating work platform and aerial device used at a workplace is equipped with:

(a) suitable guards to prevent a worker from contacting the moving parts and machinery, including protection from shearing hazards created by the movement of the platform; and

(b) guardrails and toe-boards on all open sides or an enclosure that is at least 900 mm in height. Section 28.38.

Fall Protection

(1) An employer must ensure that a worker using a self-elevating work platform or aerial device:

(a) uses a fall arrest system that meets the requirements of Part 14 (Fall Protection) when:

(i) the platform or aerial device is being elevated, lowered, or moved, or

(ii) the worker steps beyond the guardrail; and

(b) has the lanyard of the fall arrest system attached in accordance with the specifications of:

(i) the manufacturer of the work platform or aerial device, or

(ii) a professional engineer.

(2) An employer must ensure that a lifeline is of an appropriate length to prevent a worker from being ejected from the self-elevating work platform or aerial device if it collapses.

(3) Despite subsection (1), a fall arrest system is not required for a worker who remains within the confines of the guardrail of a scissor lift while the lift is being raised or lowered. Maintenance, records and manuals Section 28.39 (1) to (3).

(1) An employer and a supplier must, while a self-elevating work platform or aerial device is in their possession,

(a) maintain it so that it is safe for use;

(b) keep a permanent record of all inspections, tests, repairs, modifications and maintenance performed on it; and

(c) ensure that its operator’s manual is kept with it.

(2) A record under subsection (1)(b) must include the name and signature of the person who maintains it and the person who performs an inspection, test, repair or modification on it. Section 28.40 (1)(2).

For more information:

  • GENERAL REQUIREMENTS. Sections 28.1 (1) to 28.2 (2).
  • ELEVATED WORK PLATFORMS. Sections 28.21 (1) to (3).
  • Section 28.41.
  • Climbing prohibited. Section 28.42.
  • Use of the self-elevating work platform or aerial device. Section 28.43.
  • Section 28.44.

Further details on the Workplace Safety and Health Act and Regulation can be found at gov.mb.ca.

In New Brunswick, employers must follow General Regulation Section 130 when using elevating work platforms. Platforms must meet CSA standards (CAN/CSA-B354 series), be properly maintained, and used safely. Employers are responsible for ensuring workers use a travel restraint or fall-arrest system unless the platform is on a stable surface, all guardrails are in place, and the platform is not moving.

Elevating Work Platforms

(1) An employer shall ensure that an elevating work platform is designed, constructed, erected, maintained, inspected, monitored and used in accordance with the following CSA standards, where applicable:

(a) CAN/CSA-B354.1-04 (R2016), Portable elevating work platforms or a standard offering equivalent or better protection;

(b) CAN/CSA-B354.2-01 (R2013), Self-Propelled Elevating Work Platforms or a standard offering equivalent or better protection; and

(c) Repealed: 2024-38

(d) CAN/CSA-B354.4-02 (R2013), Self-propelled boom-supported elevating work platforms or a standard offering equivalent or better protection.

(2) If an employee is required to work from an elevating work platform described in paragraph (1)(b), the employer shall provide and the employee shall continually use a travel restraint system or fall-arresting system attached to an anchor point on the elevating work platform.

(3) Despite subsection (2), an employee is not required to continually use a travel restraint system or fall-arresting system when an elevating work platform:

(a) is on a firm and flat surface,

(b) has all the manufacturer’s guardrails and chains in place, and

(c) is not moving horizontally or vertically. Section 130 (1) to (3).

Further details on the General Regulation can be found at laws.gnb.ca.

In Newfoundland and Labrador, employers must ensure the safe use of elevating work platforms as outlined in Part XI, Sections 201–217 of the Occupational Health and Safety Regulations. These rules require platforms to meet CSA or ANSI standards, be regularly inspected, and used with proper fall protection. Employers are responsible for maintenance, operator training, and ensuring platforms are marked with load capacities, equipped with safeguards, and operated according to manufacturer or engineer specifications.

PART XI - SCAFFOLDS, STAGES AND WORK PLATFORMS

Definitions - Elevating Work Platforms

For the purpose of this section and sections 202 to 217,

(a) "aerial device" means a vehicle-mounted device having a boom which may be telescoping or articulating, or both, with a work platform on the boom, which is used to position personnel;

(b) "aerial ladder" means a vehicle-mounted aerial device with a single or multiple-section ladder with or without a platform at the top;

(c) "boom-supported elevating work platform" means an elevating work platform or aerial device which has its platform supported by an elevating device that elevates and rotates relative to the machine base;

(d) "elevating work platform" means a work platform or aerial device which self-elevates to overhead work locations and includes other similar devices not covered elsewhere in these regulations; and

(e) "self-propelled" means the capability of an elevating work platform to be power propelled with the primary controls on the work platform. Section 201.

Standards

(1) A self-propelled work platform comprising a boom-supported elevating platform, which telescopes, articulates, rotates or extends beyond the base dimensions, and is not mounted on a separate self-propelled vehicle shall meet the requirements of:

(a) CSA Standard CAN/CSA -B354.4 "Self-propelled Boom-Supported Elevating Work Platforms";

(b) ANSI Standard ANSI /SIA A92.5 "Boom-Supported Elevating Work Platforms"; or

(c) other standard acceptable to the minister.

(2) A self-propelled integral chassis elevating work platform having a platform that cannot be positioned laterally completely beyond the base and for which primary functions are controlled from the platform shall meet the requirements of:

(a) CSA Standard CAN/CSA -B354.2 "Self-Propelled Elevating Work Platforms";

(b) ANSI Standard ANSI /SIA A92.6 "American National Standard for Self-Propelled Elevating Work Platforms"; or

(c) other standard acceptable to the minister.

(3) A manually propelled, integral chassis elevating work platform having a platform that cannot be positioned laterally completely beyond the base, which may be adjusted by manual or powered means and which shall not be occupied when moved horizontally, shall meet the requirements of:

(a) CSA Standard CAN/CSA -B354.1 "Portable Elevating Work Platforms";

(b) ANSI Standard ANSI /SIA A92.3 "American National Standard for Manually Propelled Elevating Aerial Platforms"; or

(c) other standard acceptable to the minister.

(4) A telescopic aerial device, aerial ladder, articulating aerial device, vertical tower, material-lifting aerial device or a combination of these, when vehicle-mounted, whether powered or manually operated, shall meet the requirements of CSA Standard CAN/CSA -C225 "Vehicle-Mounted Aerial Devices" or other standard acceptable to the minister.

(5) An elevating work platform of a type other than that referred to in subsections (1) to (4) shall meet a standard acceptable to the minister. Section 202 (1) to (5).

Operating and Maintenance Manuals

(1) The equipment manufacturer's:

(a) operation manual; and

(b) maintenance manual, containing maintenance instructions and replacement part information for each elevating work platform in use at the workplace shall be available at the workplace.

(2) Where either of the manuals referred to in subsection (1) is not available, the equipment shall not be used until the manual is obtained, or until written instructions for the safe operation and maintenance of the equipment are supplied by a professional engineer. Section 203 (1)(2).

Inspection and Maintenance Records

(1) Records of inspection, maintenance, repair and modification shall be kept for an elevating work platform by the equipment operator and a person inspecting and maintaining the equipment.

(2) Where the inspection and maintenance records required under subsection (1) are not available, an elevating work platform shall be inspected and certified by a professional engineer before use, and an inspection and maintenance recording system shall be established as required by subsection (1). Section 204 (1)(2).

Shift Inspection

An elevating work platform shall be inspected by the operator before use on each shift and a condition that could endanger workers shall be remedied before the platform may be used. Section 205.

For more information:

  • Annual inspection and certification. Section 206.
  • Fall protection - elevating work platform. Section 207.
  • Safe access. Section 208.
  • Rated capacity. Section 209.
  • Section 210.
  • Section 211.
  • Immobilization of vehicles. Section 212.
  • Shear hazard. Section 213.
  • Warning devices. Section 214.
  • Transporting workers. Section 215.
  • Lift truck platform. Section 216.
  • Fall protection - lift truck. Section 217.

Further details on the Occupational Health and Safety Regulations can be found at assembly.nl.ca.

In Nova Scotia, employers must ensure the safe use of elevating work platforms under Part 23, Section 23.13 of the Workplace Health and Safety Regulations. Platforms must be designed, maintained, and operated in accordance with CSA or NFPA standards, depending on the type and purpose (e.g., firefighting). Employers are also responsible for maintaining inspection and maintenance records and ensuring workers use fall-arrest equipment anchored to a suitable point, regardless of guardrail presence.

Part 23: Scaffolds and Other Elevated Work Platforms

Elevating Work Platforms

(1) An employer must ensure that portable, self-propelled and self-propelled boom-supported elevating work-platforms are designed, constructed, erected, maintained, inspected, monitored and used in accordance with the latest version of the following applicable standards:

(a) CSA standard CSA B354.1, “Portable Elevating Work Platforms”;

(b) CSA standard CSA B354.2, “Self-Propelled Elevating Work Platforms”;

(c) CSA standard CSA B354.4, “Self-Propelled, Boom-Supported Elevating Work Platforms”;

(d) CSA standard CSA C225, “Vehicle Mounted Aerial Devices”.

(2) An employer must ensure that elevating work-platforms used for firefighting are designed, constructed, erected, maintained, inspected, monitored and used in accordance with the latest version of the following applicable standards:

(a) NFPA standard NFPA 1901, “Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus”;

(b) NFPA standard NFPA 1911, “Standard for the Inspection, Maintenance, Testing and Retirement of In Service Automotive Fire Apparatus”.

(3) An employer must ensure that a record of inspections, tests, repairs, modifications and maintenance activities required by the applicable standards in subsections (1) and (2) includes the name and signature of the person or persons who performed the required activities.

(4) Whether or not guardrails are also installed, before operating the equipment in subsection (1) or (2), an employer must ensure, in accordance with Part 21: Fall Protection, that fall-arrest equipment is worn and anchored to a suitable anchorage. Section 23.13 (1) to (3).

Further details on the Workplace Health and Safety Regulations can be found at novascotia.ca.

In Northwest Territories and Nunavut, employers are required to comply with safety standards for elevating work platforms under Part 12, Sections 198–199 of the Occupational Health and Safety Regulations. Employers must ensure platforms are designed or certified by a professional engineer, used only under safe conditions, and operated by trained workers using fall arrest systems. Specific measures include communication between workers, controlled descent mechanisms, secure braking systems, and proper deployment of outriggers.

PART 12 - SCAFFOLDS, AERIAL DEVICES, ELEVATING WORK PLATFORMS, AND TEMPORARY SUPPORTING STRUCTURES 

Aerial Devices and Elevating Work Platforms

(1) An employer shall ensure that:

(a) an aerial device, elevating work platform or personnel lifting unit is designed, erected, used, maintained, and dismantled in accordance with an approved standard; or

(b) a professional engineer has certified the aerial device, elevating work platform or personnel lifting unit and its elevating system and mountings referred to in paragraph (a).

(2) An employer shall not require or permit a worker to be raised or lowered by an aerial device or elevating work platform or to work from a device or platform held in an elevated position unless:

(a) there is an effective means of communication between the worker operating the controls and the worker raised on the platform, if they are not the same individual;

(b) the elevating mechanism is designed so that, if it fails, the platform will descend in a controlled manner so that a worker on the platform is not endangered;

(c) the controls are designed so that the platform will be moved only when direct pressure is applied to the controls;

(d) the drive mechanism for moving the platform is positive and does not rely on gravity;

(e) road traffic conditions, environmental conditions, overhead wires, cables and other obstructions do not create a danger to the worker;

(f) the brakes of the aerial device or elevating work platform are engaged;

(g) the aerial device or elevating work platform is equipped with outriggers and the outriggers are deployed;

(h) the worker is provided with and is required to use a personal fall arrest system under Part 7; and:

(i) the aerial device or elevating work platform is equipped with a lanyard attachment point that is:

(i) designed and constructed to an approved standard, or

(ii) designed and certified by a professional engineer and installed and used in accordance with that design and certification.

(3) Despite any other provision in this section, an employer shall not require or permit a worker working on an exposed energized high voltage conductor to work from an aerial device or elevating work platform unless the controls are operated by the worker on the device or platform.

(4) If a worker leaves an aerial device or elevating work platform parked or unattended, an employer shall ensure that the device or platform is:

(a) locked or rendered inoperative; or

(b) fully lowered and retracted with all hydraulic systems in the neutral position or incapable of operation by moving the controls.

(5) An employer shall ensure that:

(a) a worker who operates an aerial device or elevating work platform is trained to operate the device or platform safely; and

(b) the training includes the manufacturer's specifications, load limitations, proper use of controls and any limitations on the surfaces where the device or platform is designed to be used.

(6) An employer shall, while a worker is on a work platform mounted on a forklift that is in a raised position, ensure that the operator:

(a) remains at the controls; and

(b) does not drive the forklift.

(7) An employer shall ensure that the manufacturer's operating manual for an aerial device or elevating work platform is kept with the device or platform. Section 198 (1) to (7).

Maintenance and Inspection

(1) An employer or supplier shall ensure that only competent individuals maintain and inspect an aerial device, elevating work platform, suspended powered scaffold, personnel lifting unit or scaffold to which section 186 applies.

(2) An employer or supplier shall ensure that a maintenance and inspection record for an aerial device, elevating work platform, suspended powered scaffold, personnel lifting unit or scaffold:

(a) is provided and is attached to the device, platform, unit or scaffold near the operator's station; and

(b) includes the following information concerning the last maintenance:

(i) the date of the maintenance;

(ii) the name and signature of the individual who performed the maintenance;

(iii) an indication that the maintenance has been carried out in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications. Section 199 (1)(2).

Further details on the Occupational Health and Safety Regulations can be found at canlii.org.

In Nunavut, employers are required to comply with safety standards for elevating work platforms under Part 12, Sections 198–199 of the Occupational Health and Safety Regulations. Employers must ensure platforms are designed or certified by a professional engineer, used only under safe conditions, and operated by trained workers using fall arrest systems. Specific measures include communication between workers, controlled descent mechanisms, secure braking systems, and proper deployment of outriggers.

PART 12 - SCAFFOLDS, AERIAL DEVICES, ELEVATING WORK PLATFORMS, AND TEMPORARY SUPPORTING STRUCTURES 

Aerial Devices and Elevating Work Platforms

(1) An employer shall ensure that:

(a) an aerial device, elevating work platform or personnel lifting unit is designed, erected, used, maintained, and dismantled in accordance with an approved standard; or

(b) a professional engineer has certified the aerial device, elevating work platform or personnel lifting unit and its elevating system and mountings referred to in paragraph (a).

(2) An employer shall not require or permit a worker to be raised or lowered by an aerial device or elevating work platform or to work from a device or platform held in an elevated position unless:

(a) there is an effective means of communication between the worker operating the controls and the worker raised on the platform, if they are not the same individual;

(b) the elevating mechanism is designed so that, if it fails, the platform will descend in a controlled manner so that a worker on the platform is not endangered;

(c) the controls are designed so that the platform will be moved only when direct pressure is applied to the controls;

(d) the drive mechanism for moving the platform is positive and does not rely on gravity;

(e) road traffic conditions, environmental conditions, overhead wires, cables and other obstructions do not create a danger to the worker;

(f) the brakes of the aerial device or elevating work platform are engaged;

(g) the aerial device or elevating work platform is equipped with outriggers and the outriggers are deployed;

(h) the worker is provided with and is required to use a personal fall arrest system under Part 7; and

(i) the aerial device or elevating work platform is equipped with a lanyard attachment point that is:

(i) designed and constructed to an approved standard, or

(ii) designed and certified by a professional engineer and installed and used in accordance with that design and certification.

(3) Despite any other provision in this section, an employer shall not require or permit a worker working on an exposed energized high voltage conductor to work from an aerial device or elevating work platform unless the controls are operated by the worker on the device or platform.

(4) If a worker leaves an aerial device or elevating work platform parked or unattended, an employer shall ensure that the device or platform is:

(a) locked or rendered inoperative; or

(b) fully lowered and retracted with all hydraulic systems in the neutral position or incapable of operation by moving the controls.

(5) An employer shall ensure that:

(a) a worker who operates an aerial device or elevating work platform is trained to operate the device or platform safely; and

(b) the training includes the manufacturer's specifications, load limitations, proper use of controls and any limitations on the surfaces where the device or platform is designed to be used.

(6) An employer shall, while a worker is on a work platform mounted on a forklift that is in a raised position, ensure that the operator:

(a) remains at the controls; and

(b) does not drive the forklift.

(7) An employer shall ensure that the manufacturer's operating manual for an aerial device or elevating work platform is kept with the device or platform. Section 198 (1) to (7).

Maintenance and Inspection

(1) An employer or supplier shall ensure that only competent individuals maintain and inspect an aerial device, elevating work platform, suspended powered scaffold, personnel lifting unit or scaffold to which section 186 applies.

(2) An employer or supplier shall ensure that a maintenance and inspection record for an aerial device, elevating work platform, suspended powered scaffold, personnel lifting unit or scaffold:

(a) is provided and is attached to the device, platform, unit or scaffold near the operator's station; and

(b) includes the following information concerning the last maintenance:

(i) the date of the maintenance;

(ii) the name and signature of the individual who performed the maintenance;

(iii) an indication that the maintenance has been carried out in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications. Section 199 (1)(2).

Further details on the Occupational Health and Safety Regulations can be found at canlii.org.

In Ontario, employers must comply with elevated platform requirements under Reg. 213/91: Construction Projects, Sections 143 to 149. Elevating work platforms, including rolling, boom-type, self-propelled, and vehicle-mounted devices, must be designed by an engineer to meet specific CSA standards, tested, certified, and inspected daily by trained workers. Employers must ensure platforms are operated according to manufacturer guidelines, equipped with guardrails and clear signage, and maintained with detailed records.

PART II - GENERAL CONSTRUCTION

Elevating Work Platforms

(1) Subject to subsection (2), every elevating work platform, including elevating rolling work platforms, self-propelled elevating work platforms, boom-type elevating work platforms and vehicle-mounted aerial devices shall comply with section 144.

(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to,

(a) suspended scaffolds or suspended work platforms; and

(b) buckets or baskets suspended from or attached to the boom of a crane.  Section 143 (1)(2)

(1) An elevating work platform shall be designed by an engineer in accordance with good engineering practice,

(a) to meet the requirements of the applicable National Standards of Canada standard, set out in the Table to subsection (6); and

(b) to support a minimum of 1.3 kilonewtons rated working load as determined in accordance with the applicable National Standards of Canada standard set out in the Table to subsection (6).

(2) An elevating work platform shall be manufactured in accordance with the design referred to in subsection (1).

(3) An elevating work platform,

(a) shall be tested in accordance with the National Standards of Canada standard set out in the Table to subsection (6); and

(b) shall be inspected each day before use, in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions by a worker trained in accordance with section 147.

(4) An elevating work platform shall only be used if an engineer has certified in writing that it complies with the National Standards of Canada standard set out in the Table to subsection (6).

(5) The certification required by subsection (4) shall include the details of testing.

(6) The National Standards of Canada standard applicable to the type of elevating work platform listed in Column 1 of the Table to this subsection are the standards set out opposite it in Column 2:

TABLE

Item Column 1
Type of elevating work platform
Column 2
National Standards of Canada standard
1. Elevating Rolling Work Platform CAN3-B354.1-M82
2. Self-Propelled Elevating Work Platform CAN3-B354.2-M82 and CAN3-B354.3-M82
3. Boom-Type Elevating Work Platform CAN3-B354.4-M82
4. Vehicle-Mounted Aerial Device CAN/CSA-C225-10

(7) An elevating work platform shall be equipped with guardrails.

(8) An elevating work platform shall have signs that are clearly visible to an operator at its controls indicating,

(a) the rated working load;

(b) all limiting operating conditions including the use of outriggers, stabilizers and extendable axles;

(c) the specific firm level surface conditions required for use in the elevated position;

(d) such warnings as may be specified by the manufacturer;

(e) other than for a boom-type elevating work platform, the direction of machine movement for each operating control;

(f) the name and number of the National Standards of Canada standard to which it was designed; and

(g) the name and address of the owner. Section 144 (1) to (8).

(1) The owner of an elevating work platform shall maintain it such that the safety factors of the original design are maintained.

(2) The owner of an elevating work platform shall keep a permanent record of all inspections, tests, repairs, modifications and maintenance performed on it.

(3) The permanent record required by subsection (2),

(a) shall be kept up-to-date;

(b) shall include complete records from the more recent of,

(i) the date of purchase, or

(ii) May 10, 1991; and

(c) shall include the signature and name of the person who performed the inspection, test, repair, modification or maintenance.  Section 145 (1) to (3).

For more information:

  • Maintenance and inspection record tag. Sections 146.
  • Training operator on elevated work platforms. Sections 147.
  • Operations of elevating work platforms. Sections 148.

Further details on the Reg. 213/91: CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS can be found at ontario.ca.

In Prince Edward Island, employers must comply with Occupational Health and Safety Act Scaffolding Regulations, Section 19, regarding power-operated elevating work platforms. These platforms must meet CSA standards, be equipped with safety mechanisms like interlocks, emergency stop buttons, and fall arrest systems, and be operated only by trained, competent workers. Employers are responsible for ensuring platforms are properly maintained, used on firm level surfaces, and not overloaded. Clear signage, operator manuals, and effective communication between workers and operators are also required.

Power Operated Elevating Work Platform

(1) An employer who provides a power operated elevating work platform for the use of a worker shall ensure that the work platform is equipped with:

(a) positive pressure controls for the positioning of the work platform;

(b) a power elevating mechanism equipped with positive drives for both raising and lowering the work platform;

(c) an interlock device that limits lateral movement when the height of the work platform exceeds that specified by the manufacturer; and

(d) an elevating mechanism that, upon failure, locks the work platform in the elevated position.

Failure of Elevating Mechanism

(2) Where an elevating mechanism referred to in clause (1)(b) of a power operated elevating work platform fails while a worker is working on the work platform, the employer who provided the work platform for the use of the worker shall ensure that the worker is removed from the work platform before:

(a) the work platform is lowered; or

(b) repairs are made to the elevating mechanism.

Communication

(3) Where the operator of a power operated elevating work platform is not the worker being raised on the work platform, the employer who provided the work platform for the use of the worker shall ensure that there is an effective and direct means of communication between the operator and the worker.

Application of CSA Standards

(4) The owner of a power operated elevating work platform, and an employer who provides a power operated elevating work platform for the use of a worker, shall ensure that the power operated elevating work platform is designed, constructed, erected, maintained, inspected, monitored and used in accordance with the following CSA Standards, as applicable:

(a) B354.1-04, “Portable Elevating Work Platforms”;

(b) B354.2-01, “Self Propelled Elevating Work Platforms”;

(c) B354.4-02, “Self-propelled Boom-supported Elevating Work Platforms”;

(d) Z271-10, “Safety Code for Suspended Elevating Platforms”;

(e) C225-10, “Vehicle-Mounted Aerial Device”.

Operation Requirements

(5) An employer who provides a power operated elevating work platform for the use of a worker shall ensure that:

(a) the worker is competent to operate the platform or that the platform is operated by another worker who is competent to do so; and

(b) the worker operating the platform has available on the work platform:

(i) a legible operator’s manual, and

(ii) information on:

(A) all of the applicable operational limitations and requirements, including those relating to the use of outriggers, stabilizers and extendable axles,

(B) the specific surface conditions required for safe use in the elevated position,

(C) such warnings as may be specified by the manufacturer;

(D) the name and number of the CSA Standard to which the power operated elevating work platform was designed, and

(E) the name and address of the owner of the work platform. Section 19 (1) to (5E).

For more information:

  • Posting of information. Sections 19(6).
  • Record to be kept by owner. Sections 19(7).
  • Content of record. Sections 19(8).
  • Instruction or training of operator. Sections 19(9).
  • Instruction and training requirements. Sections 19(10).
  • Operation requirements. Sections 19(11).

Further details on the Occupational Health and Safety Act Scaffolding Regulations can be found at princeedwardisland.ca.

 

In Québec, employers must ensure the safe use of elevated platforms under Sections 2.15.16 and 2.15.17 of the Safety Code for the Construction Industry. Mobile elevating work platforms must meet CSA Standard B354.6 and be structurally inspected every 10 years, then every 5 years, or after damage or a change in ownership. Only adequately trained operators may use the equipment, with training based on CSA Standard B354.8 and refresher training required every five years. On-site familiarization with controls, manuals, and safety features is also mandatory. Employers are responsible for maintaining equipment integrity and ensuring operator safety.

Mobile Elevating Work Platform:

(1) A mobile elevating work platform must be manufactured in accordance with CSA Standard B354.6, Mobile Elevating Work Platforms - Design, Calculations, Safety Requirements, and Test Methods, applicable at the time it was manufactured.

(2) A mobile elevating work platform must undergo a structural inspection in accordance with CSA Standard B354.7, Mobile Elevating Work Platforms - Safety Principles, Inspection, Maintenance and Operation, to ensure that the integrity of its critical components and its stability remain as they were when it was new:

(a) 10 years after the date of manufacture and every 5 years thereafter;

(b) after any suspected, potential or real damage sustained in an incident and liable to affect its structural integrity and its stability; and

(c) after a change of owner. Section 2.15.16 (1)(2).

Mobile elevating work platform operator training: A mobile elevating work platform may be used, at the construction site, only by an operator who is adequately trained and familiarized with the type and group of equipment, as defined by CSA Standard B354.6, Mobile Elevating Work Platforms - Design, Calculations, Safety Requirements, and Test Methods. A mobile elevating work platform operator is adequately trained if:

(1) the operator has received an initial training, for each type of equipment, whose content is equivalent to CSA Standard B354.8, Mobile Elevating Work Platforms - Operator (Driver) Training. In addition,

(a) the training must comprise a theoretical portion, a practical portion and an evaluation for each type and group of equipment covered by the training. The training must also address work methods for traveling safely under structures to prevent any person situated on the platform from being wedged in or crushed;

(b) the practical portion must include, at a minimum, one hour at the controls of the equipment for each worker;

(c) the evaluation must comprise a theoretical portion and a practical portion at the controls of the equipment which must show that the worker has acquired the necessary skills to safely operate the equipment;

(d) the training must be provided by:

  1. an accredited instructor in accordance with the Regulation respecting the accreditation and ethics of training bodies, training instructors and training services (chapter D-8.3, r. 0.1); or
  2. an instructor qualified by a training body recognized by the Commission; and

(e) an attestation of training indicating the type and group of equipment covered by the training must be issued to the worker by the training body or the instructor that provided the training;

(2) the operator receives, every five years following the initial training, refresher training including, at a minimum, a practical examination;

(3) the operator is familiarized, at the construction site by a qualified or experienced person, with the following elements:

(a) the location of the manufacturer’s operating manuals;

(b) the manufacturer’s specific warnings and instructions;

(c) the functions of specific controls;

(d) the function of each specific safety device; and

(e) the specific operating features. Section 2.15.17 (1) to (3).

Further details on the Safety Code for the Construction Industry can be found at gouv.qc.ca.

In Saskatchewan, employers must ensure the safe use of elevated platforms under Part 12, Sections 12-25 and 12-26 of the Occupational Health and Safety Regulations. Employers are responsible for ensuring that aerial devices and elevating work platforms are designed, operated, and maintained to approved standards or certified by a professional engineer. Workers must be protected by fall arrest systems, trained in safe operation, and provided with effective communication if elevated. Equipment must include features such as positive pressure controls, controlled descent mechanisms, and properly installed outriggers.

PART 12 - Scaffolds, Aerial Devices, Elevating Work Platforms, and Temporary Supporting Structures

Aerial Devices and Elevating Work Platforms

(1) An employer or contractor shall ensure that:

(a) an aerial device, elevating work platform or personnel lifting unit is designed, constructed, erected, operated, and maintained in accordance with an approved standard; or

(b) a professional engineer has certified that:

(i) an aerial device, elevating work platform, or personnel lifting unit and its elevating system and mountings are safe for the purpose of raising workers and loads; and

(ii) the components of an aerial device, elevating work platform, or personnel lifting unit and its elevating system and mountings are designed in accordance with an approved standard.

(2) An employer or contractor shall not require or permit a worker to be raised or lowered by any aerial device or elevating work platform or to work from a device or platform held in an elevated position unless:

(a) there is an adequate and suitable means of communication between the worker operating the controls and the worker raised on the platform, if they are not the same person;

(b) the elevating mechanism is designed so that, if any failure of the mechanism occurs, the platform will descend in a controlled manner so that no worker on the platform will be endangered;

(c) the controls are designed so that the platform will be moved only when direct pressure is applied to the controls;

(d) the drive mechanism of any operation for moving the platform is positive and does not rely on gravity;

(e) road traffic conditions, environmental conditions, overhead wires, cables and other obstructions do not create a danger to the worker;

(f) the brakes of the aerial device or elevating work platform are engaged, except when operated in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations;

(g) if the aerial device or elevating work platform is equipped with outriggers, the outriggers are set;

(h) pursuant to clause (i), the worker is provided with and is required to use a personal fall arrest system that meets the requirements of Part 7; and

(i) the aerial device or elevating work platform is equipped with a lanyard attachment point that is:

(i) designed and constructed to an approved standard; or

(ii) certified as safe by a professional engineer and installed and used in accordance with that design.

(3) Notwithstanding any other provision in this section but subject to section 30-16, an employer or contractor shall not require or permit a worker working on an exposed energized high voltage electrical conductor to work from an aerial device or elevating work platform unless the controls are operated by the worker on the device or platform.

(4) If a worker leaves an aerial device or elevating work platform parked or unattended, an employer or contractor shall ensure that the device or platform:

(a) is locked or rendered inoperative; or

(b) is fully lowered and retracted with all hydraulic systems in the neutral position or incapable of operating by moving the controls.

(5) An employer or contractor shall ensure that:

(a) a worker who operates an aerial device or elevating work platform is trained to operate the device or platform safely; and

(b) the training includes the manufacturer’s instructions and recommendations, the load limitations, the proper use of all controls and any limitations on the surfaces on which the device or platform is designed to be used.

(6) An employer or contractor shall ensure that, while a worker is on a work platform mounted on a forklift and the forklift is in the raised position, the operator:

(a) remains at the controls; and

(b) does not drive the forklift.

(7) An employer or contractor shall ensure that the manufacturer’s operating manual for the aerial device or elevating work platform is kept with the device or platform at all times. Section 12-25 (1) to (7).

For More Information

  • Maintenance and Inspection. Sections 12 – 26 (1)(2).

Further details on the Occupational Health and Safety Regulations can be found at saskatchewan.ca.

In Yukon, employers must comply with Part 10, Sections 10.30 to 10.32 of the Occupational Health and Safety Regulations regarding the use of elevated work platforms. Employers are responsible for ensuring that all platforms are properly constructed using structural-grade lumber and securely fastened. Platforms elevated more than 1.2 meters must have guardrails and be able to support expected loads. Elevating and self-propelled platforms must meet applicable CSA standards, such as CSA B354.1 through B354.4, and be maintained, inspected, and used according to those standards to ensure worker safety during elevated tasks.

Part 10 - Construction and Building Safety

WORK PLATFORMS

Lumber

(1) All wood used in a work platform shall be No. 1 structural grade or better spruce, fir or equivalent wood, and not be painted other than by being preserved with a transparent protective coating. Section 10.30.

With the exception of an elevating work platform, scaffold, suspended work platform, swing staging or a boatswains chair, a work platform:

Guardrails

(a) that is elevated more than 1.2 m (4 ft.) in height shall have guardrails,

Loading

(b) shall be designed, constructed and maintained to support, without exceeding the allowable unit stresses for the materials used, all loads that may be expected to be applied to it, and support not less than 1.4 kPa (30 lbs. per sq. ft.),

Width

(c) shall be 0.5 m (20 in.) or more in width, and

Secure

(d) shall be securely fastened in place. Section 10.31.

Elevated and Self-Propelled Platforms

An elevating work platform shall be designed, constructed, erected, maintained, inspected, monitored and used in accordance with the following standards:

Standards

(a) CSA B354.1-M82, Elevating Rolling Work Platforms,
(b) CSA B354.2-M82, Self-Propelled Elevating Work Platforms for Use on Paved/Slab Surfaces,

(c) CSA B354.3-M82, Self-Propelled Elevating Work Platforms for Use as "Off-Slab" Units,

(d) CSA B354.4-M82, Boom-Type Elevating Work Platforms, or

(e) other similar standards acceptable to the board. Section 10.32.

Further details on the Occupational Health and Safety Regulations can be found at wcb.yk.ca.